Week 42, Deliver Every Word

October 15th to 21st

Discussion Questions

Old Testament

Why did King Zedekiah free the slaves? Jeremiah 34:8-10.

New Testament

Most Christians agree that there is nothing wrong with being wealthy, in itself. But if money leads to so many problems, wouldn’t we be better off if we didn’t have too much money? 1 Timothy 6:10

Notes and Commentary

Old Testament

Why did King Zedekiah free the slaves?
Actually, the slaves were freed pursuant to God’s instructions (Jeremiah 34:8--10), but then later returned to slavery (Jeremiah 34:11). God was not pleased with this turn of events. (Jeremiah 34:17)
[8] The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD, after that the king Zedekiah had made a covenant with all the people who were at Jerusalem, to proclaim liberty to them; [9] that every man should let his male servant, and every man his female servant, who is a Hebrew or a Hebrewess, go free; that no one should make bondservants of them, of a Jew his brother. [10] All the princes and all the people obeyed, who had entered into the covenant, that everyone should let his male servant, and everyone his female servant, go free, that no one should make bondservants of them any more; they obeyed, and let them go: [11] but afterwards they turned, and caused the servants and the handmaids, whom they had let go free, to return, and brought them into subjection for servants and for handmaids. [12] Therefore the LORD’s word came to Jeremiah from the LORD, saying, [13] Thus says the LORD, the God of Israel: I made a covenant with your fathers in the day that I brought them out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage, saying, [14] At the end of seven years you shall let go every man his brother who is a Hebrew, who has been sold to you, and has served you six years, you shall let him go free from you: but your fathers didn’t listen to me, neither inclined their ear. [15] You had now turned, and had done that which is right in my eyes, in proclaiming liberty every man to his neighbor; and you had made a covenant before me in the house which is called by my name: [16] but you turned and profaned my name, and caused every man his servant, and every man his handmaid, whom you had let go free at their pleasure, to return; and you brought them into subjection, to be to you for servants and for handmaids. [17] Therefore thus says the LORD: you have not listened to me, to proclaim liberty, every man to his brother, and every man to his neighbor: behold, I proclaim to you a liberty, says the LORD, to the sword, to the pestilence, and to the famine; and I will make you to be tossed back and forth among all the kingdoms of the earth. Jeremiah 34:8-17 (WEBME).
The law required that Hebrew slaves be released after 7 years. [A]  [A] See Exodus 21:1-4; Deuteronomy 15:12. Apparently this practice had been largely disregarded. Obviously, this was a departure from God’s law. Jeremiah reminded the king of God’s requirement. Jerusalem was on the verge of a military defeat by a ruthless adversary: “Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and all his army, and all the kingdoms of the earth that were under his dominion, and all the peoples, were fighting against Jerusalem.” Jeremiah 34:1 (WEB). The king and other slave holders certainly acted out of fear and desperation. King Zedekiah’s guilt―forced by extreme circumstance―compelled him to take an extreme measure. This was not a sincere desire to obey God. [B]  [B] In American history, Abraham Lincoln was the great emancipator of the slaves. Historians argue the motivations and timing compelling Lincoln to issue his great Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863. Some, perhaps uncharitably, might draw a parallel to King Zedekiah in claiming Lincoln’s proclamation had some political purpose. In any event, history records no attempt by Lincoln to re-enslave anyone after the war was finished. Guilt has a shorter shelf life than sincerity. In any event, the loss of property represented by granting freedom to the slaves proved too great a sacrifice, once the military crisis had passed. [C]  [C] Jeremiah 34:11. The slaves were soon re-enslaved.
[Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary on the Whole Bible] The law of God was very express, that those of their own nation should not be held in servitude above seven years, but, after they had served one apprenticeship, they should be discharged and have their liberty... God had brought them out of slavery in Egypt, and he would have them thus to express their grateful sense of that favour, by letting those go to whom their houses were houses of bondage, as Egypt had been to their forefathers...
When they were besieged, and closely shut in, by the army of the Chaldeans, they, being told of their fault in this matter, immediately reformed, and let go all their servants that were entitled to their freedom by the law of God, as Pharaoh, who, when the plague was upon him, consented to let the people go, and bound themselves in a covenant to do so...
When there was some hope that the siege was raised and the danger over they repented of their repentance, undid the good they had done, and forced the servants they had released into their respective services again.

New Testament

Most Christians agree that there is nothing wrong with being wealthy, in itself. But if money leads to so many problems, wouldn’t we be better off if we didn’t have too much money?
[10] For the love of money is a root of all kinds of [D]  [D] Likewise, the NIV Bible includes the words “kinds of.” Other translations, including the KJV say that “love of money is the root of all evil,” foreclosing perhaps the possibility that evil may have other roots. evil. Some have been led astray from the faith in their greed, and have pierced themselves through with many sorrows. 1 Timothy 6:10 (WEB).
[Barnes’ New Testament Notes] For the love of money is the root of all evil. That is, of all kinds of evil. This is evidently not to be understood as literally true, for there are evils which cannot be traced to the love of money --the evils growing out of ambition, and intemperance, and debasing lusts, and of the hatred of God and of goodness. The expression here is evidently a popular saying--" all sorts of evils grow out of the love of money." Similar expressions often occur in the classic writers. See Wetstein, in loc., and numerous examples quoted by Pricaeus. Of the truth of this, no one can doubt. No small part of the crimes of the world can be traced to the love of gold. But it deserves to be remarked here, that the apostle does not say that "money is the root of all evil," or that it is an evil at all. It is the ’love’ of it which is the source of evil.
[Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)] The love of money—not the money itself, but the love of it—the wishing to be rich (1Ti 6:9) —"is a root of all evils." (So the Greek plural). The wealthiest may be rich not in a bad sense; the poorest may covet to be so (Ps 62:10). Love of money is not the sole root of evils, but it is a leading "root of bitterness" (Heb 12:15), for "it destroys faith, the root of all that is good" [BENGEL]; its offshoots are "temptation, a snare, lusts, destruction, perdition."

Random Quotes

Human nature: When people receive something they are not entitled to, they are at first pleasantly surprised. As time goes by, they consider the unmerited gift as something they deserve. When, in the end, they lose what they were never entitled to in the first place, they feel greatly wronged. [E]  [E] TAT

Notes:

© Tom Truex 2014, Davie, FL